build-essential
Installing packages for developing, including make, gcc, g++, one by one could be annoying, but build-essential could have it done in one line command. build-essential depends on all packages for building, so installing it means have all of them installed.
$ apt depends "build-essential"
build-essential
|Depends: libc6-dev
Depends: <libc-dev>
libc6-dev
Depends: gcc (>= 4:7.2)
Depends: g++ (>= 4:7.2)
Depends: make
make-guile
Depends: dpkg-dev (>= 1.17.11)